Search Results for “tmprss2”

Transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is required for the priming of the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein prior to entry of the virus into the host cell. Fusion requires the cleavage of native coronavirus spike protein at the S1/S2 and S2’ sites, allowing for membrane fusion and entry of the virus into the host cell. It is also essential for the spread and pathogenesis of influenza A virus (strains H1N1, H3N2 and H7N9), where it is involved in the proteolytic cleavage and activation of hemagglutinin (HA) protein which is essential for viral infectivity. Inhibitors of TMPRSS2 may be useful for treating infections with both SARS coronaviruses. Hoffmann et al. Cell (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052; PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(12):e1003774. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003774

ERG (ETS Transcription Factor) is a member of the erythroblast transformation-specific family of transcription factors that act as key regulators of embryogenesis, differentiation, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis. This protein contains an ETS DNA-binding domain and a PNT domain which is implicated in the self-association of chimeric oncoproteins. ERG is required for platelet adhesion to the endothelium during vascular remodeling, and is involved in the maturation of megakaryocytes. Chromosomal translocations between ERG and various genes are implicated in prostate cancer, Ewing’s sarcoma, and acute myeloid leukemia. The normal protein is expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of a variety of tissues. References: Medical Epigenetics 2015 3:19; Biochem Soc Trans 2009 37(pt6):1248; Science 2005 310:644