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Scn3a encodes the alpha subunit of the type III voltage-gated sodium channel. These channels, composed of one alpha and one or two beta subunits, mediate changes in cell permeability to sodium ions that are essential for the generation of action potentials. The alpha subunit alone has been shown to generate a functional channel in vitro, but it's kinetic properties are modulated by beta subunits. The type III channel has been shown to be tetrodotoxin sensitive and fast inactivated. At least two mRNA splice variants of Scn3a have been reported. These variants result from mutually exclusive alternative RNA splicing of two exons and code for two different protein isoforms, one that predominates in neonatal brain (IIIN) and another (IIIA) that predominates in the adult. Scn3a has been observed to be upregulated in epileptic CA4 pyramidal cells, cortex neurons in response to 5-day hypoxia and in dorsal root ganglion neurons in response to peripheral nerve damage.
Gene Name: | sodium channel, voltage-gated, type III, alpha subunit |
Family/Subfamily: | Ion Channel , Sodium channel - voltage-gated |
Synonyms: | SCN3A, NAC3, Nav1.3, SCIII, Brain sodium channel III, KIAA1356 |
Target Sequences: | NM_006922 NP_008853.3 Q9NY46 |
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