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S100A9 / MRP14

S100 calcium binding protein A9

S100A9 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion, can increase the bactericidal activity of neutrophils by promoting phagocytosis via activation of SYK, PI3K/AKT, and ERK1/2 and can induce degranulation of neutrophils by a MAPK-dependent mechanism. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve proinfammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its proinflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the proinflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn2+ which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role as an oxidant scavenger has a protective role in preventing exaggerated tissue damage by scavenging oxidants. Can act as a potent amplifier of inflammation in autoimmunity as well as in cancer development and tumor spread.

Gene Name: S100 calcium binding protein A9
Synonyms: S100A9, 60B8AG, Calgranulin B, CFAG, CAGB, Calgranulin-B, Calprotectin L1H subunit, CGLB, L1Ag, MRP14, NIF, p14, Protein S100-A9, LIAG, MAC387, MRP-14
Target Sequences: NM_002965 NP_002956.1 P06702

Publications (2)

1
Activation of phagocytic cells by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms: effects of extracellular matrix proteins and the bacterial stress protein GroEL on netosis and MRP-14 release. Dapunt U, Gaida MM, Meyle E, Prior B, Hänsch GM. Pathogens and disease. 2016 July;74:pii: ftw035. (Human) [Full Text Article] [PubMed:27109773] [PMC:PMC5985485]
2
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution10<sup> Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany12<sup> Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany14<sup> UK DRI, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK16<sup> Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. marco.prinz@uniklinik-freiburg.de. Takahiro Masuda, Roman Sankowski , Ori Staszewski, Chotima Böttcher, Lukas Amann , Sagar, Christian Scheiwe, Stefan Nessler, Patrik Kunz, Geert van Loo , Volker Arnd Coenen, Peter Christoph Reinacher, Anna Michel, Ulrich Sure, Ralf Gold, Dominic Grün, Josef Priller , Christine Stadelmann, Marco Prinz. Nature. 2019 Feb;;566:388-392. [Full Text Article] [PubMed:30760929]

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Proteins (25)
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S100A9 / MRP14 (25)
No (25)
10His-B2M, N-terminus + Myc, C-terminus (1)
6His, N-terminus (1)
6His-SUMO, N-terminus (1)
6His-SUMO, N-terminus + Myc, C-terminus (1)
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His, N-terminus (2)
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HEK 293 Cells (2)
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S100A9 / MRP14 Protein
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E. coli
His
50 µg/$411; 250 µg/$985; 10 µg/$276
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein
Select
E. coli
His
100 µg/$342; 500 µg/$641; 20 µg/$254
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E. coli
None
Less than 1.0 EU/µg protein (determined by LAL method).
13.2kD
10 µg/$248; 50 µg/$288; 500 µg/$785; 1 mg/$1,203
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - 12.5% SDS-PAGE of human S100A9 stained with Coomassie Blue
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Wheat Germ Extract
GST
38.28 kDa
10 µg/$479; 25 µg/$670
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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E. coli
6His-SUMO, N-terminus + Myc, C-terminus
1 mg/$1,355; 100 µg/$420; 20 µg/$323
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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E. coli
10His-B2M, N-terminus + Myc, C-terminus
1 mg/$1,355; 100 µg/$420; 20 µg/$323
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Purified recombinant protein S100A9 was analyzed by SDS-PAGE gel and Coomassie Blue Staining
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HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
13.1 kDa
20 µg/$1,107
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E. coli
None
26 and 13 kDa
100 µg/$843
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Baculovirus
His
Less than 1.0 EU/µg protein (determined by LAL method).
14.6 kDa
100 µg/$721
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E. coli
His
15 kDa
100 µg/$721
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
13.1 kDa
100 µg/$494
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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293T Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
13.1 kDa
20 µg/$150
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E. coli
82 AA
His
Less than 0.1 EU/µg protein (determined by LAL method).
9.13 kDa
10 mg/$4,268; 5 mg/$3,201; 1 mg/$1,868; 0.5 mg/$1,475; 200 µg/$1,103; 100 µg/$756; 50 µg/$531
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Sf9 Cells
His, N-Terminal
13 kDa
20 µg/$677
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant Human S100A9 Protein (His Tag)-Elabscience
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E. coli
His, N-terminus
13.24 kDa
20 µg/$270; 100 µg/$390
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant Rat S100A9 Protein (His Tag)-Elabscience
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E. coli
His, N-terminus
13.01 kDa
20 µg/$270; 100 µg/$390
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant Mouse S100a9 protein (His Tag)
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E. coli
His, N-terminus + His, C-terminus
14.3kDa
20 µg/$270; 100 µg/$390
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E. coli
None
Less than 1.0 EU/µg protein (determined by LAL method).
13.2 kDa
10 µg/$248; 50 µg/$288
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E. coli
His-SUMO
28.9 kD
1 mg/$1,679; 100 µg/$500; 20 µg/$364
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant  S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His-T7
12.9 kDa
10 µg/$283; 50 µg/$452; 100 µg/$722; 200 µg/$902; 1 mg/$2,016; 500 µg/$1,553; 5 mg/$3,151; 2 mg/$2,204
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by Coomassie blue staining
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E. coli
6His, N-terminus
15 kDa
10 µg/$265; 50 µg/$315; 100 µg/$365; 250 µg/$518
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - (Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.
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E. coli
6His-SUMO, N-terminus
1 mg/$1,679; 100 µg/$500; 20 µg/$364
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His
14.5 kDa
10 µg/$262; 50 µg/$339; 100 µg/$512; 200 µg/$642; 1 mg/$1,623; 500 µg/$1,214; 5 mg/$2,562; 2 mg/$1,796
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His
14.4 kDa
10 µg/$267; 50 µg/$352; 100 µg/$562; 200 µg/$702; 1 mg/$1,723; 500 µg/$1,298; 5 mg/$2,673; 2 mg/$1,900
S100A9 / MRP14 Protein - Recombinant S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9 By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His
14.3 kDa
10 µg/$267; 50 µg/$352; 100 µg/$562; 200 µg/$702; 1 mg/$1,723; 500 µg/$1,298; 5 mg/$2,673; 2 mg/$1,900
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The data on this page has been compiled from LifeSpan internal sources, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt).