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GPI is a member of the glucose phosphate isomerase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In the cytoplasm, the gene product functions as a glycolytic enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) that interconverts glucose-6-phophsate and fructose-6-phosphate. Extracellularly, the encoded protein (also referred to as neuroleukin) functions as a neurotrophic factor that promotes survival of skeletal motor neurons and sensory neurons, and as a lymphokine that induces immunoglobulin secretion. The encoded protein is also referred to as autocrine motility factor based on an additional function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and angiogenic factor. Defects in this gene are the cause of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia and a severe enzyme deficiency can be associated with hydrops fetalis, immediate neonatal death and neurological impairment. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Gene Name: | glucose-6-phosphate isomerase |
Synonyms: | GPI, AMF, Autocrine motility factor, Glucose phosphate isomerase, Hexose monophosphate isomerase, Hexosephosphate isomerase, Neuroleukin, Oxoisomerase, Phosphoglucose isomerase, Phosphohexomutase, Phosphohexose isomerase, SA36, PGI, SA-36, Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, GNPI, PHI, Phosphosaccharomutase, Sperm antigen 36, Sperm antigen-36 |
Target Sequences: | NM_000175 NP_000166.2 P06744 |
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