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EIF2 is a translation initiation factor that catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40s ribosomal subunits. eIF2 is composed of 3 non identical subunits, alpha, beta and gamma. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, eIF2 and GTP. The rate of complex formation is modulated by the phosphorylation state of eIF2alpha. Phosphorylation of eIF2alpha has been shown to occur in response to heat shock and hypoxic stress. Once eIF2alpha is phosphorylated, the initiation of protein synthesis is inhibited. Expression of eIF-2alpha has been shown to increase in melanoma and colon carcinoma.
Gene Name: | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha, 35kDa |
Synonyms: | EIF2S1, EIF-2-alpha, EIF-2alpha, EIF2 alpha, EIF2, EIF-2, EIF-2A |
Target Sequences: | NM_004094 NP_004085.1 P05198 |
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