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EIF2AK2 / PKR

eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2

IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection and is also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Inhibits viral replication via phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1), this phosphorylation impairs the recycling of EIF2S1 between successive rounds of initiation leading to inhibition of translation which eventually results in shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis. Also phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteosomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes. Can trigger apoptosis via FADD-mediated activation of CASP8. Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin.

Gene Name: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2
Family/Subfamily: Protein Kinase , Translational Control Kinase
Synonyms: EIF2AK2, p1/eIF-2A protein kinase, p68 kinase, PRKR, EIF-2A protein kinase 2, p68, Protein kinase RNA-activated, Tik
Target Sequences: NM_002759 NP_002750.1 P19525

Publications (3)

1
eIF2alpha Phosphorylation-dependent translation in CA1 pyramidal cells impairs hippocampal memory consolidation without affecting general translation. Jiang Z, Belforte JE, Lu Y, Yabe Y, Pickel J, Smith CB, Je HS, Lu B, Nakazawa K. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 2010 30:2582-94. (WB) [PubMed:20164343] [PMC:PMC2836228]
2
Viral double-stranded RNAs from vaccinia virus early or intermediate gene transcripts possess PKR activating function, resulting in NF-kappaB activation, when the K1 protein is absent or mutated. Willis KL, Langland JO, Shisler JL. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2011 286:7765-78. (WB) [PubMed:21183678] [PMC:PMC3048664]
3
Fisetin protects against streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats by suppressing fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting protein kinase R. Jozaa Z ALTamimi, Mona N BinMowyna, Nora A AlFaris, Reham I Alagal, Attalla F El-Kott, Ammar M Al-Farga. Saudi pharmaceutical journal: SPJ: the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society. 2021 January;29:27-42. [Full Text Article] [PubMed:33603537] [PMC:PMC7873759]

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Products
Proteins (14)
Over-Expression Lysate (6)
Recombinant (8)
EIF2AK2 / PKR (14)
No (14)
6His, N-terminus (2)
GST, N-terminus (1)
His, N-Terminal (2)
His-SUMO (1)
His-T7 (1)
Myc-DDK (Flag) (7)
Human (9)
Mouse (1)
Rat (1)
293T Cells (3)
E. coli (5)
HEK 293 Cells (4)
Wheat Germ Extract (1)
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Purified (3)
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein
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Yeast
6His, N-terminus
63.96 kD
100 µg/$446; 20 µg/$336; 1 mg/$1,460
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein
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E. coli
His-SUMO
77.92 kD
1 mg/$1,355; 100 µg/$420; 20 µg/$323
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Recombinant Protein Kinase R By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His, N-Terminal
37.2 kDa
50 µg/$432; 10 µg/$279; 200 µg/$862; 100 µg/$690; 1 mg/$1,962; 500 µg/$1,505; 5 mg/$3,011; 2 mg/$2,148
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Recombinant  Protein Kinase R By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
6His, N-terminus
35.6 kDa
10 µg/$279; 50 µg/$432; 100 µg/$690; 200 µg/$862; 1 mg/$1,962; 500 µg/$1,505; 5 mg/$3,011; 2 mg/$2,148
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Purified recombinant protein EIF2AK2 was analyzed by SDS-PAGE gel and Coomassie Blue Staining
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HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
61.9 kDa
20 µg/$1,107
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - 12.5% SDS-PAGE Stained with Coomassie Blue
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Wheat Germ Extract
GST, N-terminus
10 µg/$479; 25 µg/$670
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
61.9 kDa
100 µg/$494
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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293T Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
61.9 kDa
20 µg/$150
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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293T Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
57.2 kDa
20 µg/$150
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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293T Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
61.9 kDa
20 µg/$150
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
Select
HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
61.9 kDa
100 µg/$494
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Western validation with an anti-DDK antibody * L: Control HEK293 lysate R: Over-expression lysate
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HEK 293 Cells
Myc-DDK (Flag)
57.2 kDa
100 µg/$494
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Active Protein Kinase R (PKR) by WB
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E. coli
His, N-Terminal
32kDa
10 µg/$377; 50 µg/$942; 200 µg/$1,600; 100 µg/$1,367; 1 mg/$3,009; 500 µg/$2,423; 5 mg/$6,581; 2 mg/$3,511
EIF2AK2 / PKR Protein - Recombinant Protein Kinase R By SDS-PAGE
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E. coli
His-T7
29.9 kDa
10 µg/$282; 50 µg/$447; 100 µg/$715; 200 µg/$892; 1 mg/$2,005; 500 µg/$1,543; 5 mg/$3,123; 2 mg/$2,192
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For RESEARCH USE ONLY. Intended for use by laboratory professionals. Not intended for human diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

The data on this page has been compiled from LifeSpan internal sources, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt).