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CAPNS1 / CAPN4 is a member of the calpain small subunit family. Calpains are calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases that are widely distributed in mammalian cells. Calpains operate as heterodimers, comprising a specific large catalytic subunit (calpain 1 subunit in Calpain I, and calpain 2 subunit in Calpain II), and a common small regulatory subunit encoded by this gene. This encoded protein is essential for the stability and function of both calpain heterodimers, whose proteolytic activities influence various cellular functions including apoptosis, proliferation, migration, adhesion, and autophagy. Calpains have been implicated in neurodegenerative processes, such as myotonic dystrophy. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
Gene Name: | calpain, small subunit 1 |
Family/Subfamily: | Protease Regulatory , Cysteine C2 |
Synonyms: | CAPNS1, 30K, Calpain, small polypeptide, Calpain, small subunit 1, CANP small subunit, CAPN4, Calpain small polypeptide, CDPS, Calpain small subunit 1, CANP, CAPNS, CSS1, Calpain 4, small subunit (30K), Calpain regulatory subunit, CALPAIN4, CANPS |
Target Sequences: | NM_001749 NP_001740.1 P04632 |
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