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Adenylate kinase is an enzyme involved in regulating the adenine nucleotide composition within a cell by catalyzing the reversible transfer of phosphate groups among adenine nucleotides. AK1 is involved in the adenine nucleotide catabolic pathway, production of ADP, and in the homeostasis of guanine nucleotide pools. Adenylate kinase 1 phosphorylates AMP in red blood cells; deficiency in AK1 is the cause nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. This small ubiquitous enzyme is essential for maintenance and cell growth. Three isozymes of adenylate kinase have been identified in vertebrates. AK1 is found in the cytosol of skeletal muscle, brain and erythrocytes, whereas AK2 and AK3 are found in the mitochondria of other tissues including liver and heart. Alternative splicing of the AK1 gene yields two transcripts that differ in the 3-prime non-coding region and use two distinct polyadenylation signals.
Gene Name: | adenylate kinase 1 |
Family/Subfamily: | Non-protein Kinase , not assigned-Non-protein Kinase |
Synonyms: | AK1, Adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1, Adenylate kinase 1, AK 1, ATP-AMP transphosphorylase 1, Myokinase |
Target Sequences: | NM_000476 NP_000467.1 P00568 |
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