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Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono- and dimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1 and H3K9me2, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltransferase activity is not required for DNA methylation, suggesting that these 2 activities function independently. Probably targeted to histone H3 by different DNA-binding proteins like E2F6, MGA, MAX and/or DP1. During G0 phase, it probably contributes to silencing of MYC- and E2F-responsive genes, suggesting a role in G0/G1 transition in cell cycle. In addition to the histone methyltransferase activity, also methylates non-histone proteins: mediates dimethylation of 'Lys-373' of p53/TP53.
Gene Name: | euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 1 |
Synonyms: | EHMT1, BA188C12.1, DEL9q34, Eu-HMTase1, GLP, G9a like protein, G9a-like protein 1, H3-K9-HMTase 5, EUHMTASE1, KIAA1876, Lysine N-methyltransferase 1D, FP13812, GLP1, KMT1D, RP11-188C12.1 |
Target Sequences: | NM_024757 NP_079033.4 Q9H9B1 |
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